I think it’s due to awareness usually through the media (TV, movies, advertisements). Then many people will start identifying a particular food with that country, while actually the country has a lot more foods/dishes that they can be known for.
This is down to marketing, unique selling points of different foods, and also tastes and preferences of people in different countries (good or bad) make certain foods memorable.
For example when I think of Italian food I think of pizza and pasta, because I love pizza and pasta, and it is memorable for me. I am sure there are loads and loads of other great foods produced in Italy, but these are the ones I remember. For France, I associate great bread, because I like bread. But also frogs legs and snails as I don’t like the thought of them and so they are memorable to me. Again I am sure there are so many other great foods produced in France. Every country produces so many great foods, but if they have unique selling points and can relate to consumers in different countries, that is what makes them memorable. If consumers in other countries try the most unique/memorable foods, and like them, they might try others then too, and then eat a range of foods from that country.
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