Because the natural chemical in the onion reacts with water. Therefore if you run a cut onion under water it will react with the tap water instead of your eyes, making you cry. But without any tap water present, then it reacts with your eyes causing you to cry
Onions produce the chemical irritant known as syn-propanethial-S-oxide. It stimulates the eyes’ lachrymal (tear) glands so they release tears, which seems like that we are crying while cutting the onions.
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