The first immediate problem is there are no black holes close to us that we could go inside of and have a look – they are all billions and billions of kilometers away.
Now, imagine there was a black hole in our solar system – could we then find out what’s inside? Unfortunately not. The surface of a black hole is called the event horizon, and once you pass the event horizon, you’re never able to come back. Even worse than that, you can’t even transmit any data back through the event horizon! So if I sent you in a space ship into the black hole (and tidal forces didn’t tear you apart, see spaghettification https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaghettification) then you would be able to see the centre of the black hole, but any video you try and send back to me, or any audio signals, will never get back out of the black hole! So I’ll never be able to figure out what’s inside!
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