My non-biologist understanding is as follows:
When light enters your eye it hits special cells at the back of your eye which chemically react with the light and send a signal to the brain.
Rod cells tell you how bright light is
Cone cells can see red blue and green light.
When these signals are mixed we get to see millions of different colours!
Dear Mass49dug,
your eyes have light sensible cells and structure that convert the visible light in bio-electrical signal to your brain where this signals is converted in image and stored sometimes in form of mRNA as memory (on this last part I am quite uncertain).
The eye in humans are quite developed and the cells are able to identify a large scale of color but some animals have structure we don’t have that improve their darkvision (cats) or the ability to identify details from afar (birds)
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