Question: how long does it take to make a small structure? Do you use machines or do you make them by hand?

Simone answered on 8 Nov 2018:

The structures we make are so tiny that the only way to do them is to use a beam of electrons in a very accurate and big machine to precisely dig the surface of our silicon chips.

Obviously this is the concepts, the reality is that making something so small reliably is very difficult and you need to understand and optimize all you fabrication processes, all carried out in an environmentally controlled room called clean room (where all dust particles, as big as mountains compared to our structures, are counted and kept at a minimum).

Regarding the time, it depends on how many structures you want on the chip, and the type of structures. But if all you processes are right, you can make a chip full of those structures in a couple of days (there are a few processing steps beside the electron beam writing).